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Maryat Lee (born Mary Attaway Lee; May 26, 1923 – September 18, 1989) was an American playwright and theatre director who made important contributions to post-World War II avant-garde theatre, pioneering street theatre in Harlem and later founding the Eco Theater, which developed drama productions out of oral histories in Appalachia. ==Life and career== Lee was born in Covington, Kentucky;〔William W. French, ("Maryat Lee" ), ''The West Virginia Encyclopedia'', retrieved December 16, 2014.〕 her father, Dewitt Collins Lee, was a lawyer and businessman, and her mother, Grace Dyer, was a musician.〔Michael Ridderbusch and John Cuthbert, "Ecotheater: A West Virginia Playwright's Vision for Dramatic Art", ''West Virginia and Regional History Collection Newsletter'', (14.8 ) (Fall 1998) pp. 3–6].〕 After graduating from the National Cathedral School she studied drama at Northwestern University, but found it too "artificial" and "commercial";〔 she transferred to Wellesley College, where she graduated with a degree in religious studies in 1945, then did graduate study at Columbia University and received an MA from Union Theological Seminary with a thesis on the religious origins of drama.〔〔Brad Gooch, ''Flannery: A Life of Flannery O'Connor'', New York: Little, Brown, 2009, ISBN 9780316000666, (n.p. ).〕 At one point she worked for Margaret Mead.〔 Lee was a pioneer of street theatre in the 1950s. On a commission from the Parish Council, she wrote and produced ''Dope!'', a one-act play about drug abuse that William French calls "the original modern street play" it was performed in 1951 in a vacant lot in Harlem, the action including a junkie "shooting up" on stage.〔〔William W. French, ("A Double-Threaded Life: Maryat Lee's Ecotheatre" ), ''The Drama Review'' 27.2, Grassroots Theatre (Summer 1983) 26–35, p. 30.〕〔Joyce Marshall, ("EcoTheater—A Theater for the Ecozoic Era" ), Center for Ecozoic Studies 4.4, retrieved December 16, 2014.〕〔("Open Air 'Dope' Drama Being Unfolded by Jackie Robinson" ), ''The Afro American'', April 28, 1951, p. 8.〕 It attracted much press attention, and was named one of the best plays of the 1952–53 season;〔 it continued to be widely performed for two decades.〔("Maryat Lee, Playwright, 66" ), Obituaries, ''The New York Times'', October 10, 1989.〕〔Eliot Fremont-Smith, ("M.F.Y. Presents 'Dope' on 6th St.; Production Starts Group's Summer Theater Series" ), ''The New York Times'', July 8, 1965.〕〔Mel Gussow, ("At Bed-Stuy Theater, Theme Is Now" ), ''The New York Times'', September 9, 1970.〕 In 1970 two actors who had been in productions of the play died from heroin overdoses.〔("2d Actor Involved In the Play, 'Dope,' Is Killed by Heroin" ), ''The New York Times'', May 6, 1970.〕〔("Actor dies of strong 'junk' dose" ), ''Baltimore Afro-American'', May 12, 1970, p. 9.〕 During the 1950s she also worked with Jacob L. Moreno at his Institute of Psychodrama.〔French, p. 32.〕 In 1965, when the street theatre movement was becoming popular, she founded the Soul and Latin Theater, known as SALT, in East Harlem,〔〔 and taught street theatre classes at The New School.〔Dan Sullivan, ("Theater: In East Harlem, the Outdoor Audience Gets Into the Act; Water Bombs, Cheers and Boos Fill the Air: Teen-Agers of Soul and Latin Troupe Perform" ), ''The New York Times'', August 30, 1968; repr. as "Theater in East Harlem: The Outdoor Audience Gets into the Act", in ''Radical Street Performance: An International Anthology'', ed. Jan Cohen-Cruz, New York: Routledge, 1998, ISBN 9780415152303, (pp. 100–02 ).〕 In 1970 she moved to Powley Creek, near Hinton, West Virginia, and in 1975 founded the Eco Theater, for which she developed plays out of oral histories.〔〔〔 In 1984 she incorporated the Eco Theater and moved to Lewisburg, where she taught her methods to enable it to spread as a theatre movement.〔〔 She died from heart disease at her home there.〔 Her papers are in the Regional and History collection at the West Virginia University library.〔〔Anne Swedberg, "Participatory Audiences, East Harlem Street Theater, and Maryat Lee, 1951", ''Youth Theatre Journal'' 21.1 (2007) 70–80, (p. 70 ).〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Maryat Lee」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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